Digital Science report offers “mixed score card”, makes 23 recommendations including mandatory ORCIDs for all Aussie researchers
Thursday 9 October 2025
Digital Science, a technology company serving stakeholders across the research ecosystem, has made a series of 23 recommendations for Australia’s research future in a report published today into the use of persistent identifiers (PIDs) in research.
The report is the Australian National Persistent Identifier (PID) Benchmarking Toolkit, available now on Figshare.
Commissioned by the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC), Digital Science was tasked with developing a comprehensive PID benchmarking framework, and to conduct a benchmarking process that could be used to monitor the effectiveness of Australia’s National PID Strategy over time. The report, developed collaboratively with the ARDC, also benefited from consultation and engagement with the Australian research community.
The lead author of the report, Digital Science’s VP of Research Futures, Simon Porter, will discuss the findings at two upcoming events in Brisbane, Australia: International Data Week (13-16 October) and the eResearch Australasia Conference (20-24 October).
A unique opportunity for Australian research
“This is the first time Australia’s National PID Strategy has been benchmarked, and it represents a unique opportunity for the Australian research system to benefit from that process,” Simon Porter said.
“What we’ve seen from the benchmarking is that Australia’s adoption of ORCID for research publications across the research sector has been extremely successful – and Australia is now third in the world for including DOI (Digital Object Identifier) links with dissertations published online.
“Workflows between publishers, institutional research information systems, and ORCID are also sufficiently strong, and we can see that Australia is well placed for a more comprehensive use of the ORCID infrastructure.
“However, our comprehensive review gave Australian research a mixed score card and recommended several changes and interventions to help strengthen the national strategy,” Mr Porter said.
“One of the key issues we’ve seen is that although Australian researchers are more engaged than the global average in the practice of data citation, they trail significantly behind their European peers.
“And while ORCID and ROR adoption has been strong for publications, the use of persistent identifiers with data sets and non-traditional research outputs (NTROs) remains the exception rather than the norm. As significant publishers of NTRO items in their own right, institutions should hold themselves to the same standards that they expect from publishers – all creators should ideally be described with an ORCID, and affiliation id (ROR).”
Natasha Simons, Director of National Coordination at the ARDC, congratulated Digital Science on the release of the National PID Benchmarking Toolkit. “The Australian Persistent Identifier Strategy is a critical national initiative to benefit the Australian people by strengthening our digital information ecosystem, the quality of our research and our capacity for effective research engagement, innovation and impact,” she said. “So it is essential to develop robust benchmarks that can track our progress and measure outcomes. The Toolkit provides us with exactly what’s needed.”
Recommendations to strengthen Australia’s research future
Some of the 23 recommendations made in the report include:
- Australian research has progressed to the point where ORCIDs should now be mandatory for all researchers; Australian Institutions should require ORCID registration within their institutional research information management systems.
- Australian research institutions should adopt the best practices of publishers to ensure that all authors are described by ORCIDs and affiliations via ROR.
- Australia should join international pressure to ensure that all publishers both record ORCID records and push the associated metadata into Crossref, and to avoid publishers that do not support ORCID workflows.
- Australia should consider a national policy for publishing dissertations with DOIs in institutional repositories, formalizing the use of ORCIDs for authors and their supervisors.
- Reports published by universities and their research centres should ideally be published in institutional repositories, with associated identifiers.
- Ongoing benchmarking analysis of PIDs should not ignore closed access material. (e.g., ignoring closed-access publications would result in missing 35% of Australia’s research output in 2024.)
- RAiDs (Research Activity Identifiers) should be added from “day one” of the creation of a funding grant.
- Grants funding organizations should create persistent identifiers “as soon as is practical” – including complete metadata – to enable research funding to be visible and tracked earlier.
“We welcome the opportunity to have led this benchmarking process, and we hope our recommendations will lead to some meaningful improvements within Australian research,” Mr Porter said.
“Importantly, we’ve also demonstrated that it is possible to produce a benchmarking toolkit for PIDs, and our work may have implications for other nations and their roadmaps towards a persistent identifier future.”
Background: The importance of PIDs
Persistent identifiers (PIDs) are unique numbered references to individual researchers and their work, which are connected to digital outputs and resources. They help connect researchers, projects, outputs, and institutions, and have become critical for:
- Making research inputs and outputs FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable)
- Enabling research outputs to be identified, tracked and cited
- Analyzing research impact
- Supporting national-scale research analytics
Widely used PIDs include ORCID iDs, DOIs, RORs, and emerging identifiers include DOIs for grants, and identifiers for projects (RAiDs).
Note: In the report, Simon Porter declares that he is also a member of the ORCID Board.
Discover more at International Data Week (13-16 October) and the eResearch Australasia Conference (20-24 October).
About Digital Science
Digital Science is an AI-focused technology company providing innovative solutions to complex challenges faced by researchers, universities, funders, industry and publishers. We work in partnership to advance global research for the benefit of society. Through our brands – Altmetric, Dimensions, Figshare, IFI CLAIMS Patent Services, metaphacts, OntoChem, Overleaf, ReadCube, Symplectic, and Writefull – we believe when we solve problems together, we drive progress for all. Visit digital-science.com and follow Digital Science on Bluesky, on X or on LinkedIn.
Media contact
David Ellis, Press, PR & Social Manager, Digital Science: Mobile +61 447 783 023, d.ellis@digital-science.com
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